Refrigeration



arch 3l, @93k c. G. MUNTERS 1,79%,95l

REFRGERATION 4 Filed Sept. l5, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet l us va @-517 a E o Bjr? 10,- 5 23 19 i Z2 H 13 26 24 25 Z ,IP "N lll l `27 42/ 2'0 NVENTOR CU/r/ Georg /WL/nze/:S

March 3l, 19,31. 1;; G, MUNTERS 1,798,951

REFRIGERATION Filed Sept. l5, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Car! GeorgMUme/s Mam@ 3L 3931.,

C, G. MUNTERS REFRIGERATION 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 15, 1930 RNV ENTO R Ccm! @e0/fg Mante/5 March 31, i931. C, G. Mum-ERS REFRI GERATI ON Filed Sept. l5, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ParentalI Mar. 3.1, 1931 CARL GEORG MUNTEBS', 0I STOCKHOLM,

swnnOI-l, 'AssIGNo'n 'rpo narnia-HUNTER:

nnrnranarme sYs'rEm, AxrInnoLAe.- or s'roxnomr, SWEDEN, a conromrlorr Ol' SWEDEN amnienaarron Application ill'ed Septemberl, 1930, Serial This invention relates to an apparatus for the transference of heat between two or more rooms or compartments, one of'which contains a body to receive or emit heat, for example, the heat receiving or emitting parts of refrigerators. This result is accomplished by a heat transferring' element having in its interior ali uid which will evaporate and condense and y such evaporation in a warm comln partment .and condensation in\ a cool compartment the transfer of heat is accomplished.

The invention primarily comprises a method by which this heat transferring element or parts of the same are individually connected to the heat absorbing or receiving or the heat J z discharging or emitting body to maintain a good heatconducting contact with the same. The application of the device is simple and lissusceptilzle of various embodiments in refrigerators being capable of being employed in various capaclties for cooling commodities of different size, shape or the like on account of the ea'se `of establishing a good heat conducting connection between the respective parts.

This invention permits utilization vof the erators, which evaporators have relatively Usmall heat absorbing surfaces and substan tially high internal pressures xdeveloped. in the system in which the evaporator is associated, vfor example, iii an absorptionrefrigerating unitof the Platen-Munters type.

v The invention will first b ehereinafter more 4particuliuy described with reference to the accompanying drawings which `form a part ofthis application and later pointed out in the claims at the end ofthe description.l In the drawings: Fig. 1 is'a fragmentary front elevation of No. 481,847, end in Germany .Tune f1'l9, 1929.- Y

a (refrigerator cabinet ill cation of the invention w- Fig. 2 is a art front elevation part'sec tionalview illlli the invention;

Fig. 3 is a fra menta front elevation `illustrating a furt er m` ifed form of the invention; c Fig. 4 is a section taken on the 1ine'4-4 o fF1g.3;`

ustrating one appli- Fig. 5 is a modified form of transfer'device for use in cabinet of Fig.r 3; e Fic'. 6 is a diagrammatic viewofa multiple installation; Fig. 7 is a furthe;` modifiedfiform of transfer device taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 8 ;V

Fig. 8 is Fig; 'I ig. 9 is aside elevation illustratingv the application of the invention tof'an icecream can;

Fig. 10 is atop plan view of the structure shown in Fig."9; Y l Fig. 11 is a vertical section through a further modiedform of transfer device;

through a further modified form'pf transfer devlce adapted for a. freezing device br ice freezingtray; I A

Fig. 13 is a view of a. similar device taken a-tfright angles to Fig. 12; Y'

Fig. 14 is a fra Y entary part elevation of gm vof amodiiiedform for a part sectional view yquick freezing' Fi 15 'is a diagrammatic view of a further modi cation illustrating the use of the inf vention for cooling the heat'emitting parts; Fig..16 isa fu lnvention';` and s Fig 17 is a section taken on the line 17-1-17 ofFig'lG. l Re erring to Fig. 1,reference characterlO indicates a refrigeratorofl vthe Platen-Munters absorption type which o rates with the pressure c quaiaing gas. as a refngeratmg unit compartment at the right provided with doors r11. ing portion of the cabinet iscooled and is adapted-t6 contain articles tio be cooled. A partition l\1 vfa.1 l-12 serves-to divide the refrig strating a modified 'form lof l `a sectionron the line of Fig. 12 is a vertical longitudinal' sectionk rther modified form of thev s refrigerator ,u

. The remainerated partl of thecabinet into a large comy partment 13 and a small compartment 14 in order that materials placed in these compartments may be kept separated in order that a substance like-butter may be kept in discharged from the evaporator through the Y heat between the pipe coil 23 and the lower v 25 being preferably v ormed o lower pipe 19. rlfhe compartment 14 is cooled by means of a heat-transferring apparatus which comprises an auxiliary evaporator 20k provided with ns 21 located within the auxiliary compartment. This auxiliary evaporator is connected by.means of a pipe-22 which is provided with a coil 23 located around the lower portion of the main evaporator 15 in good heat conducting relation and a return pipe 24 connects the lower end of the coil with said auxiliary evaporator. The pipe 22, coil-23 and return line 24 forms with the auxiliary 'evaporatorl a separatetransfer device complete in itself.

In order to `increase the conductivityof art of the main evaporator, a jacket 25 is isposed around the coil 23 to prevent a severe temperature-dro at this'tpoint, a jacket aluminum or the like and the coil may be formed in the aluminum. The jacketv25 maybe formed either integrally with the lower portion of the evaporator or separately from the same .and secured thereto by any desired fastenv ing elements.

In like manner the coil 23 may be secured to the main evaporator/by separate fastening means for example soldering o r the like, or may beformed integrally therewith and either before or after the evaporator is installed in the box', fittings 26 being required after the coil is attached to the evaporator before installation.

The transfer device is partially filled after evacuation through the filling opening'27 in the top of the auxiliary evaporator with a liquid, preferably ammonia. l

In operation, the auxiliary evaporabnr yvill absorb. heat through its fins 21 and cause vaporization of the ammonia', and the vap/or rising will pass through the pipe 22 into the coil 23, where itI will be condensed and run by gravity through the return line 24 to the auxiliary evaporator.. This transference of heat from the auxiliary to themainevaporao5 tor occurs untl thetemp'eratu're ofthe .auxil- `iary evaporator vhas reached substantially the temperature of the main evaporator.

In Fig; 2 a device is villustrated which is particularly adaptable for use with a refrigerating unit employing an oil burner -or the 'like for furnishing the source of heatand -in which the amount o heat is more diicult to` regulate than with gas or electricity.

With this type of installation, lif too much heat is utilized so that the main eva orator is cooled too much, which would or inarily lresult inj the breakage of bottles contained therein or the freezing of meat or other provisions, the use of the present invention prevents the temperature of the air from being reduced beyond a certain point. In this figure a refrigerator cabinet 28 is provided with a casing 29 whichhouses an absorption refrigerating unit of the Platen-Munters type and which is connected by pipes 30 and 31 with the evaporator 32 within the cabinet. The upper part of the evaporator is surrounded with an aluminum casting 33 Ain which is disposed ice trays 34, such ice trays being provided with a casingv35 of insulatingmaterialso that thelloW/temperature in from the compartment in which the same is mounted.` The lower part of the evaporator has connected thereto a heat transfer device which constitutes the gist of the present invention;

In the present embodiment a vacuum body 36 made of aluminum, copper or some material havinggood heat conductin properties and preferably of a form to tsnugly against the eva orator is provided where it may be fastene in any desired manner, such body .36 containing one or more extensions orcanals 37 which fit into or closely against the lower part of theevaporator 32, orin other words, in intimate eat transferring relation the lower portion o f the insulation of the evaporator also serving to insulate the upper portion of said body 36. The body 36 is also preferably provided with fins 38 and a filling opening 39 through which may be sup lied an evapora-ble liquid similar to the em odiment shown in Fig. 1, the operation of which is also similar to that of FigP 1.` In :both of 4these embodiments the boiling point of the evaporable liquid can be determined by the pressure of the auxiliary gas,` which is preferably added to the body along with the refrigerant.

y the upper |part of the evaporator is insulated nof In Fig. 3 is shown a modifiedlform of the diameter Aextends substantially throughout .bers 51 and 53.

Ahalf full. Likewise,

the length of the compartment, such pipe being provided with cooling ribs or fins and at its outer end with a filling opening 46. The pipe 44 is provided .with a flange 47 for theattachment of aclosure plate 48 on which is mounted a filling opening 46 and at its upper end the pipe is provided witha flange 49 for attachment .through a pipe 50 extending to a grooved hollow saddle member 51 connected by small pipes 52 with a saddle casting 53 clamped by a bolt A54 to the evaporator 41. The small connections 52 may be fastened in any desired manner to the mem- The pipe 44 is filled through the filling' opening 46 until it is substantially 1 if it is desired `to con" trol the temperature in this odiication an inert gas may'be inserted under a certain pressure as in the preceding volume.

In operation, the liquid within the pipe 44 will be boiled off or vaporized and the vapors will be condensed as a result of the filling action, oi' the evaporator 41, whereupon the, liquid will run back-into the pipe 44.

A further exemplilication of a method o forming the heat transferring action maybe accomplished by theY structure shown in Fig. 5 wherein in lieu of the pipe 44 in Fig., 3,

a substantially U-shaped pipe 55 may beeinp ployed provided with fins 56 and a illingopening 57. In this embodiment the extremities of the pipe 55 are c'bnnected directly to a casting 58 clamped directly to the evaporator 41 and a circulation is established through the pipe 55, .the vaporization occurring in the iinned port-ion of the pipe and- AVpassing through they return portion and belng condensed in the casting 58.

llo

a of a mu Fi 6 is shown adiagrammatic view tiple installation in which' a main evaporator 59 supplied through pipes 60 and .'61 is surrounded by a coil 62. The coil 62 'plurality of auxiliary has one end connectedf to a supply line 63, a

evaporators 64 controlled by manually or thermostatically oper-l able valves65, a return line 66 being connected with the upper end ofthe coil 62. v The auxiliary evaporator 64, of which there'ma be several in number, two of which are illustrated, are adapted to be located in individual cabinets 67. The operationI of 'this type ofdevice issubstantially the sameas inthose previously described, the ebullition or `evaporation `of the refrigerant taking place in the individual boxes in the auxiliary evaporator` 64 and the 'vapors passing through the pipe 66 to thek coil 62 where' such vapors are condensedand pass again through line 63 to the evaporators. A

In. Figs. 7 and 8 an ev orator 68 has a cooling casting 69 attach' thereto and the transfer device is. similar to that shown rin Fig. 5, a U-shaped pipe`-70zcontainin the vaporzable liquid havmg a filling or c ing opening thereto chi linv lianges or-rlbs 72 secured 1n good heat con' acting.relation to the pipe' 70' .-Alsol as shownin in any desired manner.'V these figures a pipe 73 similar in character to the pipe 70, except shorter, may also-'be used, each'plate 72 being disposed between a long and a short pipe 70. and i'iected tov both of them. It is preferable to space the lower portion of the from the late 72 where it .para s the lower portion' o the pipe 73 in order to insure the cooling of the extremities of the plate 72.

In Figs. 9 and 10 are shown means for utilizing the transfer device for cooling. ice cream cans. The receptacle 73 for the can Vis shownl as square and is surroundedby a coil'of pipe 74which connects to a casting'7 5 fastened to an evaporator 76. The heating of the refrigerant within the coil produces a vaporization and the cooling by the evaporator 4 causes ag cooling of such refrigerant which runs back In Figs. 12 and 13 is shown an ice tray 79 supported upon a shelf A80 fixed to an evaporator 81, the ice tray 7 9lbeing provided with a central ridge- 82 having a channel 83 in which is disposed a tube 84. The ice tray is 71 andthe pipe 70 hasl attached 73 and con- .i I

provided with a handle 85. The pipe 84 is closed by a plug 86,which may be removed to lill said'pipe. With this construction the vaporization or ebullition of the contained liquid will occur at the outer end of the tube and such vapors will condense to cause a circulation. Also, `if desired, instead' ofthe incorporation of the tube within the tray it may be located at another position, as for exam le below the shelf 8,0.

In ig. 14 is illustrated two examples of a y transfer device adapted to produce a quick freezing or quick cooling action. In this illustration an evaporator 87 has a casing 88 attached thereto in which' are mounted ice trays 89 and suchrcasing 88 having fins `or ribs 90. A transfer member 91 is provided on itsV lower' extremity with Iins 9 2 which are partially immersed in a liquid 93 to be cooled contained within a vessel 94. Also a heat exchange element95 has a coil 96 lconnected thereto around which is disposed a'jacket 97 of insulating material and a hingedbottom plate 98 to permit-the insertion and removal of an object 'to be cooled, as for example a bottle 99,`v v/ While 'I have described the coveriplate 98 at the bottom it obviously might beprovded f at the side of the device to permit insertion partment and aheat trans/fer device-in said and removal of an object to be cooled. In cooling compartment containing a volatile order to afford means for readily clamping liquid for producing an interchange of heat the parts, they may be attached by bayonet between dierent parts'of the compartment. joints or any other desiredmanner as shown In testimonywhereof, I aiiixfm si ature. 70 or for the attachment of a modified 'form of l -CARL GEORG N RVS. transfer device.

The structures hereinbefore described enlarge the cooling capacity'of a refrigerator.

However, as shown in Fig. 15, means is pro- 75 vided for transferring the heat. from the warm or heat emitting parts of a refrigerating unitAof the Platen-Munters absorption type. In the illustration shown in'this figure an absorber 100 and a condenser 101 are 30 cooled by coils froma heat -transferdevice 102. The transferdevice 1,02 which consists of a plurality of coils in the pipe should preferably be located in the north or cool sidelof.

the house or in a hollow shaft or other place 95 where either a natural or artificial draft may be obtained, or as shown in Fig. 15, water can be caused to trickle over the coils from an upper perforated pan 103 and"caught in a lower imperforat pan 104, a circulation' be- 90 ing provided from the lower to the upper pan by means of apump 105. Av supply line 106 may be connected to thecirculating system.

In Figs. 16 and 17 is shown a simple trans- J oferring device ,which consists of an L-shaped 95 pipe 107 provided with fins 108, the upright ortion of the L-shaped pipe being attached y a bracket 109 with evaporator 110.

I claim: y v 1. An evaporator, a closed conduit remov- 100 ably connected to said evaporator, an element in heat exchangerelation with said conduit nd a volatile liquid partially filling said conuit.'` 4o 2. A freezing tray comprising a compart- 105 mentfor receiving liquid to be frozen, said compartment having a bottom, a cavity in saidbottom and a volatile 'liquid partly filling said cavity. 3. A refrigerator having a compartment to f 110 be cooled, said compartment containing anv evaporator,a cooling fin in said compartment, a conduit in said compartment attached to said evaporator and to said fin, and a vola'- tile Huid partly filling said conduit. 115

4.- A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, said compartment containin -an evaporator and an element to be coole by said evaporator, a conduit in `heat exchange relation with said element and vwith said 120 evaporator, and a volatile iuidpartlyiilling said conduit; I j

5. A refrigerator having a. compartment to @be cooled, an evaporator in said compartment, s an element in said compartment to be cooled 125 by said evaporator a conduit in heat exchange relation. with said element an'dwith said .evaporator and a vclatile `iuid partly y l filling said conduit. f

M f6.' A refrigerator having a cooling com- Y I :130

DISCLAIMER H1,798,951.0arl Georg Mantero, Stockholm, Sweden. Rmrnronna'rroN. Patent dated ldarch 31, 1931. Disclaimer filed December 17, 1935, by the assignee, Scrvel, m.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 3, 4, 5, and 6 thereof, to wit:

"3. A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, said compartment containing an evaporator, a cooling fin in said compartment, a conduit in said compartmert attached to said evaporator and to said (in, and a volatile fluid partly filling said con uit. A

4. A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, said compartment containing an evaporator and an element 'to be cooled by said evaporator, a conduit in heat exchanlehrl'lelation with said element and with said evaporator, and a volatile iluid partly g said conduit.

com artment,l an element in said compartment to be cooled by sai evaporator a 5. Arefrgerator having a wmpartmentto be cooled, an evaorator in said con uit in heat exchange relation with said element and with said evaporator an a volatile fluid partly filling said conduit.

6. A refrigerator having a cooling compartment and a heat transfer device in said cooling com ent containing a volatile liquid for producing an interchange of heat between erent parts ofthe compartment.

[Qcial Gazette January 14, 1986:] 1

Dlsonmlvll-:Rv

1,7 98,951.-0arl Georg Munters, Stockholm, Sweden. REFRIGERATION. Patent dated l/Iarch 31, 1931. Disclaimer filed December 17, 1935, by the assignee, Servel,

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 3, 4, 5, and 6 thereof, to Wit:

l3. A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, said compartment containing an evaporator, a cooling fin in said compartment, a conduit in said compartmert attached to said evaporator and to said fin, and a volatile fluid partly filling said con uit.

4. A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, said compartment containing an evaporator and an element to be cooled by said evaporator, a conduit in heat exchange relation With said element and With said evaporator, and a volatile fluid partly iilling said conduit.

5. A refrigerator having a compartment to be cooled, an evaporator in said compartment, an element in said compartment to be cooled by said evaporator, a conduit in heat exchange relation With said element and With said evaporator and a volatile fluid partly iilling said conduit.

6. A refrigerator having a cooling compartment and a heat transfer device in said cooling compartment containing a volatile liquid for producing an interchange of heat between diiierent parts of the compartment.

[Oficial Gazette January 14, 1936.] 

